Ask HN: Which books teach mental models?

Thinking Fast and Slow is another great book that explains some of the mental models well.

"Man's Search for Meaning" by Viktor E. Frankl may be?

One book that is often recommended is Pólya's "How to solve it"

"The Goal" by Eliyahu Goldratt, and other of his books are great books to learn how to think.

Design Patterns by Gamma et al. would be an example from software architecture.

as a fan of Christensen's classic The Innovator's Dilemma

& Prometheus Rising by Robert Anton Wilson. (Wilson gets a little hippieish, but he does a better job of knocking down unjustified tunnel-vision than Hofstader or Dennett do.)

+1 I just recently read this book and i was met with gem after gem.

+1 on Donella Meadows. I've recommended her work here a few times.

Meadow's book is great because it also goes beyond +/- loops in isolation, and shows more complicated patterns

“Principles” by Ray Dalio gives a mesh of models that Ray has learnt or improved.

Seeking Wisdom: From Darwin to Munger

Thinking in Systems by Donella Meadows is definitely a better introduction to systems thinking

a great book: "Metaphors We Live By" by George Lakoff